27^th International Conference on Viral Infections & Virology August 23-24, 2022 Rome, Italy

Travk 01: Double-stranded RNA Viruses

Double-stranded RNA viruses (dsRNA viruses) are a polyphyletic group of viruses that have double-stranded genomes made of ribonucleic acid. The double-stranded genome is used to transcribe a positive-strand RNA by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp).
Double-Stranded DNA Virus

• Protein.
• Hepatitis B Virus.
• Adenoviridae.
• DNA.
• Virion.
• Herpesviridae.
• Virus Capsid.
• Wart Virus.

Track 02 :Negative-strand RNA Viruses

Negative- beachfront RNA contagions are a group of affiliated contagions that have negative- sense, single- stranded genomes made of ribonucleic acid. They've genomes that act as reciprocal beaches from which runner RNA is synthesized by the viral enzyme RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

Negative- beachfront RNA contagions constitute the phylum Negarnaviricota, in the area Orthornavirae and realm Riboviria. They're descended from a common ancestor that was a double- stranded RNA( dsRNA) contagion, and they're considered to be a family clade of reoviruses, which are dsRNA contagions

Negative- beachfront RNA contagions are nearly associated with arthropods and can be informally divided between those that are reliant on arthropods for transmission and those that are descended from arthropod contagions but can now replicate in invertebrates without the aid of arthropods.

Track 03 :Carona Virus Diseases (Covid-19)

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Most people who fall sick with COVID-19 will experience mild to moderate symptoms and recover without special treatment. However, some will become seriously ill and require medical attention.

Most common symptoms:

fever

cough

tiredness

loss of taste or smell

Less common symptoms:

sore throat

headache

aches and pains

diarrhoea

a rash on skin, or discolouration of fingers or toes

red or irritated eyes

Track 04 :Monkeypox

Monkeypox was first discovered in 1958 when two outbreaks of a spell- suchlike complaint passed in colonies of monkeys kept for exploration, hence the name' monkeypox.' The first mortal case of monkeypox was recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo during a period of boosted trouble to exclude smallpox

Monkeypox is a rare but potentially serious viral illness that can be transmitted from person to person through direct contact with body fluid or monkeypox lesions

original symptoms of monkeypox include fever, body pangs, and fatigue. The complaint is analogous to the smallpox contagion but much lower deadly. The complaint can affect in a rash that leads to red bumps on the skin

Travk 05 :Plant–Virus–Vector Interactions 

Plant viruses can interact with their insect host in a variety of ways including both non-persistent and circulative transmission; in some cases, the latter involves virus replication in cells of the insect host. Replicating viruses can also elicit both innate and specific defense responses in the insect host

Some of the genes of the host plants found to express themselves on viral infection may have a connection with the developmental defects and symptoms of disease. Viruses interfere in the signaling pathways and hence affect plant growth and development.

Track 06 :Hepatitis E Virus

HEV is set up in the coprolite of an infected person. It's spread when someone intentionally ingests the contagion – indeed in bitsy quantities. In developing countries, people most frequently get hepatitis E from drinking water defiled by feces from people who are infected with the contagion.

Hepatitis E is a contagion that infects your liver. It can beget your liver to swell up. utmost people with hepatitis E get better within a many months.

Track 07 :Giant Mimivirus

Discovery of the Giant Mimivirus. Mimivirus is the largest and most complex virus known. Is it an evolutionary bridge between nonliving viruses and living organisms, or is it just an anomaly? Viruses are small and fairly simple.

Mimivirus is a genus of giant viruses, in the family Mimiviridae. Amoeba serve as their natural hosts. This genus contains a single identified species named Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus. It also refers to a group of phylogenetically related large viruses.

Viruses might not be alive, but they may be altering life on a global scale. Researchers have found that a bizarre group of microbes known as "giant viruses" contain genes associated with metabolism, which they likely use to convert their zombified hosts into supercharged energy factories.

Track 08 :Prokaryotic viruses

Prokaryotic viruses which include phages and archaeal viruses play an important role in balancing the global ecosystem by regulating the composition of bacteria and archaea in water and soil. Identifying the viral host is essential for characterizing the virus, as the virus relies on the host for survival.

Prokaryotes are microscopic organisms that include the domains Bacteria and Archaea. Prokaryotes lack a nucleus, and they have no organelles except ribosomes.

Track 09 :Cancer Virus

Both DNA and RNA contagions have been shown to be able of causing cancer in humans. Epstein- Barr contagion, mortal papilloma contagion, hepatitis B contagion, and mortal herpes contagion- 8 are the four DNA contagions that are able of causing the development of mortal cancers.

Contagions That Can Lead to Cancer

• Hepatitis B Virus( HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus( HCV)

• Kaposi Sarcoma- Associated Herpesvirus( KSHV)

• Merkel Cell Polyomavirus( MCV)

• mortal Papillomavirus( HPV)

• mortal Immunodeficiency Contagion Type 1( HIV- 1, or HIV)

• mortal T- Cell Lymphotropic Contagion Type 1( HTLV- 1)

• Epstein- Barr Virus( EBV)

Track 10 :Neurotropic virus

Neurovirology is an interdisciplinary field which represents a melding of clinical neuroscience, virology, immunology, and molecular biology. The main focus of the field is to study contagions able of infecting the nervous system. In addition to this, the field studies the use of contagions to trace neuroanatomical pathways, for gene remedy, and to exclude mischievous populations of neural cells.

A neurotropic contagion is said to be neuroinvasive if it's able of penetrating or entering the nervous system and neurovirulent if it's able of causing complaint within the nervous system.

Viral infections can enter the brain via the blood(e.g., HIV, colorful encephalitis contagions) or by spread inside neurons from the body face(e.g., rabies and nascence herpes contagions)

Travk 11 :Plant and animal viruses

Factory contagions use a factory as their host organism while beast contagions use an beast as their host organism. So, this is the crucial difference between factory contagion and beast contagion. likewise, numerous factory contagions retain a single- stranded RNA genome, while numerous beast contagions retain a double- stranded DNA genome

Beast contagions are linked by the conditions they beget, plant contagions are linked by the complaint and factory species that act as hosts, and microbiological contagions are linked by the organisms they infect. Depending on the nature of their genomes, beast contagions are classified as DNA or RNA contagions. During infection, beast contagions must descry a specific host cellular receptor. The foremost phase in the contagion life cycle is host receptor list, which could be a nice target for inhibiting contagion infection. Beast contagions are constantly generated in laboratories using towel culture.

• Antiviral

• Host Immune System Responses

• Viral Gene Mutation

• Viral Replication

• Virus Surface Proteins

• Contagion- Cell relations

 Track 12 :Clinical Cases & Trials

The study involves the reclamation of exploration actors who are randomized to admit one of two approved medicines. It's designed to compare the goods of the medicines on the blood position of a protein.

Treatment of habitual hepatitis B contagion( HBV) infection is aimed at suppressing viral replication to the smallest possible position, and thereby to halt the progression of liver complaint and help the onset of complications. Two orders of medicines are used in HBV remedy the interferons, including standard interferon alfa or pegylated interferon alfa, and specific nucleoside or nucleotide HBV impediments that target the rear- transcriptase function of HBV- DNA polymerase.

Track 13 :Pediatric and Neonatal Viral Infections

A contagion is a small contagious organism — much lower than a fungus or bacterium — that reproduces by overrunning a live cell. Contagion infections are veritably common during nonage and nonage. Clinicians will treat children and adolescents with infections caused by a variety of viral contagions on a frequent base. These infections appear in a variety of ways. numerous infections have clinical instantiations that are particular to the infecting contagion but vary depending on the case's age and immunocompetence. The maturity of children who are infected with a viral recover without treatment. Fever and fleshly pains or discomfort are common symptoms of viral infections. The maturity of viral infections in children beget tone- limited sickness that's managed symptomatically, and infected children recover fully.

• Immunization

• Pediatric Viral Infection

• Long- Term Consequences

•Post-Viral Sequelae

Track 14 :Advances in Virology Research

The study of the biology of contagions and viral conditions, including their distribution, biochemistry, physiology, molecular biology, ecology, elaboration, and clinical aspects, is appertained to as virology. Virology is a branch of study that focuses on traditional virology fields like bracket, structure infection, and remedy, as well as advanced scientific disciplines. Virology is constantly lumped in with microbiology and pathology. Virology's early times were reliant on improvements in the chemical and physical lores; yet, contagions snappily evolved into tools for examining introductory biochemical processes in cells.

• Viral Structure

• Function and Genetics

• Contagion- Host relations

• Viral Disease Outbreaks

• Antiviral

• rectifiers